Strombergs, the reigning world champion, was fastest in the three runs that make up the semifinals to secure the preferred inside gate start position. With Friday's achievement, he notched Latvia's first gold medal of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.
Day won his semifinals heat, but could not get around Strombergs in the final despite a strong effort in the first turn.
Robinson overcame a poor outside-lane start position, earned after crashing in the final of the three semifinal runs, to claim bronze, thanks to his excellent bike handling skills.
Sifiso Nhlapo of South Africa, who had not crashed in two days of qualifying, slipped out in the second corner, taking Damien Godet of France and Australia's Jared Graves with him.
Pics: Liang Qiang/Xinhua, Phil Walter/Getty Images, Streeter Lecka/Getty Images